On This Day In History

On this day in 1765, the British Parliament passed the Stamp Act to fund British soldiers stationed in the colonies after the French and Indian War. The Act taxed most printed documents in the British colonies—everything from legal documents to magazines and playing cards, touching nearly everyone's daily life.

 

It was the first direct tax on American colonists and had to be paid in British sterling, a currency nigh impossible for the colonists to obtain (who had long paid taxes to colonial legislatures in local currency). Act violations were prosecuted in jury-less Vice-Admiralty courts that could be held anywhere in the British Empire.

The Act broke decades of "salutary neglect," a mostly hands-off stance from Great Britain that had allowed the colonies to prosper. At the Stamp Act Congress that fall, representatives argued that as English subjects, they could not be directly taxed without representation in Parliament, and announced a boycott of British goods. Although the British repealed the act a year later, it dug in with the Declaratory Act, which asserted Parliament's right to legislate for (and tax) colonists.

On the heels of the Writs of Assistance these taxes led to widespread protests and fed colonial resentment over British taxation.  The episode was a key stepping stone toward the American Revolution that unfolded a decade later.